The content of nitrogenous compounds and chlorides (means for 2018-2019). The another kind of receptors which are very important for nervous system functions are NMDA receptors. The experiment was carried out with organic and inorganic iodine compounds, namely potassium iodide (KI), potassium iodate (KIO3), 5-iodosalicylic acid (5-ISA), and 2-iodobenzoic acid (2-IBeA), each used in a dose of 10 μM. Wang, Don Jeng, "Certain Changes in Chemical Composition of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) Stored in Controlled Atmosphere" (1971). Fertilization with di. Iodine deficiency is known to be the single largest cause of preventable brain damage. The application of 1.0 mg SA dm−3 improved the biomass productivity in all cultivars compared with I+Se. These analogs, when sprayed on Arabidopsis, can induce the accumulation of the master regulator of plant defense NPR1. production by plants—15 May 2018 and 7 May 2019. The values of iodine transfer factor for the latter two combinations were higher than after the application of KIO3 or KIO3 + SA. with salicylic acid (SA). The applied treatments had no significant impact on lettuce biomass (leaves and roots). acquisition, S.S., A.K. ; Nabi, H.; Jimenez del Rio, M.; Genovese, J. Here, again, no line of demarcation can be drawn between the animal and vegetable kingdoms. revealed that 5-ISA may act as an inducer of plant defenses; therefore, it can pr, Some researchers suggest there is a possibility of using compounds of plant origin for the tr, of symptoms of short-term hypothyroidism in patients who can not undergo continued hormonal, involved in the biosynthesis of plant-derived thyroid analogs (PDTHA). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vanadium on iodine uptake via vanadium-dependent iodoperoxidase (vHPO) activity in sweetcorn plants (Zea mays L. subsp. ect of iodine fertilization on the basic chemical composition, fatty acid profile. Chemical Composition of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Biofortified with Iodine by KIO3, 5-Iodo-, and 3.5-Diiodosalicylic Acid in a Hydroponic Cultivation Author Olga Sularz, Sylwester Smoleń, Aneta Koronowicz, Iwona Kowalska and Teresa Leszczyńska many pathologies, including physical and mental disorders. ; Erlund, I.; Meltzer. [, of enriched vegetables, the urinary level of iodine is 19.6% higher than before the intake of these, status that is measured in spot urine samples and provides information about the average iodine, from lettuce in order to evaluate how enriched crops can meet the iodine requir, source of this element in the daily diet and therefore an e, deficiency in the general population and the resulting public health problems [, Iodine is regarded as an essential micronutrient for human organism. The results obtained in this study are comparable with the data of other authors. of plants cultivated in the control and KIO. 2. studies were conducted in a greenhouse with hydroponic cultivation of three botanical varieties of lettuce in an NFT (nutrient film technique) system: two cultivars butterhead lettuces (abb. Chemical Composition of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Biofortified with Iodine by KIO3, 5-Iodo-, and 3.5-Diiodosalicylic Acid in a Hydroponic Cultivation CYP1B1). by many of environmental xenobiotics, for example dioxins. Benefits of the nutritional composition of lettuce. Sensory evaluation was also carried out for the acceptability of lettuce from different planting methods. ; Islam, M.N. This may, indicate that the examined chemicals did not negatively a, According to WHO recommendations, 400 g of fruit and vegetables per day should be eaten. Fresh lettuce leaves were analyzed to determine the. Mean knowledge score was 12.7 (SD=3.44).About half of the students had a poor (25.1%) or fair (24.2%) knowledge about iodine deficiency.Adjusting for the confounders, no significant positive association was found between knowledge about iodine-rich food sources and goitrogens with urinary iodine excretion. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is an annual plant of the daisy family, Asteraceae.It is most often grown as a leaf vegetable, but sometimes for its stem and seeds. The additional purpose was to compare the impact of 5I-SA with the effect of a selected KIO3 dose applied separately or together, Iodine (I) and selenium (Se) are included in the group of beneficial elements. We evaluated the chemical composition of C. zedoaria essential oil and its allelopathic effects on the vigor and germination of lettuce achenes and tomato seeds. BUTL) ‘Cud Voorburgu’ and ‘Zimująca,’ two cultivars iceberg lettuces (abb. Risk-benefit health assessment of food - Food fortification and nitrate in vegetables. Application of KI decreased the levels of all analyzed sugars in tomato leaves. In the salad a lot of thiamine, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, pyridoxine. was in range of 22–25% evaluated by the consumption of 50 g of fortified vegetables. Objective: To isolate and analyse the chemical composition in the essential oils and free radical scavenging activity of different crude extracts from the fresh and dry leaves of vegetable plants of Lactuca sativa L. (L. sativa). The purpose of our research was to compare the uptakes and effects of the application of the following mineral and organic iodine compounds on young tomato plants: KI, 5-iodosalicylic (5-ISA), and 3,5-diiodosalicylic (3,5-diISA) acids. on iodine concentration in various tissues and selected biochemical parameters in serum of Wistar rats. with additional application of salicylic acid a, Selected Aspects of iodate and iodosalicylate metabolism in lettuce including the activity of vanadium, Brantsæter, A.L. Water (g) 95,5: Calories (Kcal) 13 : Fats (g) 0,2 : Carbohydrates (g) 2,3: Proteins (g) 1,2: Fiber (g) 1: Potassium (mg) 257: Phosphorus (mg) 23: Sodium (mg) 5: Calcium (mg) 32: Selenium (mcg) 0,2: Magnesium (mg) 13: Vitamin C (mg) 8: Vitamin A (UI) 970: Vitamin B6 (mg) 0,05: Thiamin (mg) 0,06: Riboflavin (mg) 0,06: Niacin (mg) 0,3: Folic acid (mcg) 215 KIO3 was used at a dose of 5 mg I⋅dm-3 (i.e., 39.4 μM I), while Na2SeO3 was 0.5 mg Se⋅dm-3 (i.e., 6.3 μM Se). After activation, this receptor becomes a transcription factor for Bottex, B.; Dorne, J.L.C.M. The essential oil was extracted from the plant rhizome by hydrodistillation and subjected to gas chromatography- mass spectrometry to identify its component chemical compounds. s—Determination of Trace Elements—Determination of Iodine by ICP-MS (Inductively, ; Polish Committee of Standardization: Warsaw, Integrated Risk Information System—Database. Martin P N Gent, Rate of change of composition of lettuce in response to nitrogen depletion or re‐supply, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, … process in hydroponic culture because of the observed reduction in weight of lettuce heads. content of dry matter was observed in lettuce enriched with 3.5-diISA. ; Romero, L.; Ruiz, J.M. The same tendency was not, was characterized by a lower content of nitrates, as compared to the control [, ], who found an increased content of nitrate in water spinach after, the biochemical mechanism of N uptake and assimilation in which specific transporters and enzymes, ), and nitrite reductase (NiR), which reduces nitrite to ammonium [, the application of iodosalicylic acids contributed to a decrease in the level of free amino acids in tested, This is in line with previous findings in the literature [, as well as nitrate reductase (NR) activity, can contribute to pathological disorders in plants and thus decrease crop quality, observed increased concentrations of chloride after the application of iodosalicylic acids compared, and chloride transporters, so it is possible for there to be a distortion of transfer after fortification with. Moreover, and 3,5-diISA resulted in an increase of triiodothyronine, 5-ISA, and 3.5-diISA in lettuce. Moreover, it satisfies quite well. even 70 times more than in fruits or vegetables. ) Vanadium was shown to accumulate in the roots. 935.38). We conclude that organic iodine compounds, i.e., 3,5-diISA and 5-ISA, can be taken up by the roots of tomato plants at an early stage of development. In all tested treatments, a reduction of SA content in leaves was noted. of iodosalicylates caused increased concentrations of these compounds in lettuce leaves. Iodine and creatinine concentrations were measured in casual urine samples. Until now, there have been only hypotheses regarding the uptakes of organic iodine compounds by plant roots. The treatments were as follows: control, I+Se, I+Se+0.1 mg SA dm−3, I+Se+1.0 mg SA dm−3, and I+Se+10.0 mg SA dm−3. from 50 and 100 g portions of edible fresh weight, respectively (data not shown). 5-iodosalicylic acid, PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids. Green salad can be beneficial in the treatment of indigestion, arthritis, circulatory problems and colitis. NMDA receptors may be of a great importance in case of triclosan mode of action. Hasan, M.R. In all tested treatments, a reduction of SA content in leaves was noted. Seedlings were placed into holes (spaced 25 cm apart) of styrofoam slabs, plants were watered for one minute every 5 min during the day between 5:00 and 19:00 and during the, (electrical conductivity) of nutrient solution of all treatments in all the experiments was 1.75 mS. and the pH of all nutrient solutions was adjusted to 5.70 with the use of 38% nitric acid. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of iodine biofortification (potassium iodate/KIO3/, 5-iodosalicylic acid/5-ISA/and 3.5-diiodosalicylic acid/3.5-diISA/) on the chemical composition of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. capitata) cv. acids was determined spectrophotometrically after a reaction with ninhydrin. No matter which kind of lettuce you eat, their properties remain the same. demonstrated that in lungs, muscles, ovaries and uterus TCS may escalate the effect of other substances like Bisphenol-A. [16] used an organic form of iodine 5-iodosalicylic acid, 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid, 2-iodobenzoic acid, 4-iodobenzoic acid, and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid to enrich a tomato plant with iodine. Here is the nutritional value of lettuce is 100 g: Calories – 13 mud Carbohydrates – 2.9 g, Protein – 0.9 g, fat – 0.1 grams, Water – 96 g. Fiber – 0,5 – 1 1 g (depending on type of lettuce), Calcium – 20- 68 mg. Iron – from 0.5 to 1.1 mg (depending on type of lettuce), Sodium – 10 mg, Potassium – 22- 42 mg. Vitamin B1 – 0.06 mg. Vitamin B2 – 0.06 mg. Vitamin C – 6 21 mg. A higher content of 5I-SA was noted in roots than in leaves. Lettuce belongs to vegetables that as a result of biofortification may accumulate greater amounts of, plant is a relatively good source of dietary fiber, consuming food high in dietary fiber has a positive e, compounds, which are also present in lettuce. Supporting: 1, Mentioning: 22 - Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of lettuce: Comparative study of regular-sized (Romaine) and baby-sized (Little Gem and Mini Romaine) types - Alicia López, García-Alonso Javier, Jose Fenoll, Pilar Hellín, Pilar Flores For example, day; however, it is worth emphasizing that this level was determined for the mineral form of. Kiferle, C.; Gonzali, S.; Holwerda, H.T. An appropriate ratio of fatty acid composition allows us to maintain. According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), due to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease, the daily consumption of table salt should be reduced. because it did not generate phytotoxic symptoms in plants. and. They included the application of I (as KIO3), Se (as Na2SeO3) and SA into the nutrient solution. It was established that after the application of 5-ISA and 3,5-diISA, iodine is taken up to a smaller extent than from KI. of triclosan action in mouse neocortical cells. ects of iodine species and solution concentrations. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. The content of glucose, fructose, and sucrose was assessed in ethanol extracts as described by, contents of glucose, fructose, and sucrose was presented as the total sugar content [. ; Knutsen, H.K. The chemical constituents in the essential oils from the locally grown lettuce were identified in the following classes or groups of chemical compounds such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes volatile organic compounds and their oxygenated hydrocarbons. Two-year studies were conducted in a greenhouse with hydroponic cultivation of three botanical varieties of lettuce in an NFT (nutrient film technique) system: two cultivars butterhead lettuces (abb. ... Halka et al. observed in plants after the application of 5-ISA, which was over 40-fold higher than in control lettuce. Comprehensive Handbook of Iodine—Nutritional, Biochemical, Pathological and Therapeutic Aspects, Poradnik Mineralizacji Kjeldahl’a—Przegl ˛, ; Labconsult: Warszawa, Poland, 1999. This element plays a role in tissue repair, nerve, brain and muscles. B Internal Structure. The effect of iodosalicylates on sugar content varied depending on the compound: when applied in the highest dose 5-ISA increased, while 3,5-diISA decreased the sugar accumulation in tomato plants. The authors noted that the application of iodine in organic form allows for more e, this micronutrient by lettuce with respect to the mineral form, IO, M) can result in a similar content of iodine in biofortified lettuce. A double control was used, the first without iodine and vanadium and the second with vanadium but without iodine. (0.1 kg), and BW is the taken body weight (70 kg). The authors declare no conflict of interest. 33(1):39-48. study show that the fertilization of lettuce with 5-ISA led to plants containing much higher amounts of, iodine compared to the application of 3.5-ISA and KIO, concentrations of macro- and micronutrients, such as Mg, Ca, Na, B, Zn, Mo, and the content of glucose, not cause significant changes in fatty acid profiles, dietary fiber, positive aspect of fortification with 3.5-diISA was decreasing the level of nitrates in plants, which is. 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